%%
%% This is file `uconnthesis.cls',
%% by Marijan Kostrun, VIII-XII/2001
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesClass{uconnthesis}
	[2002/01/09 v1.1 Standard LaTeX document class for the graduate
students of UCONN.] \newcommand\@ptsize{}
\newif\if@restonecol
\newif\if@titlepage \@titlepagetrue
\newif\if@openright
\newif\if@openbib	\@openbibfalse
\newif\if@mainmatter \@mainmattertrue
\newif\if@draft \@draftfalse

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%}
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\DeclareOption{12pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{2}}
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\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue  \@mparswitchtrue}
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        \advance\minutes by-\time
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\def\now{\number\hours:\ifnum\minutes<10 0\fi\number\minutes}
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	}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% citation tags: contraction of numerous references in
% sequence. cut'n'paste from revtex3.1, prabib.sty
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\@bibitem#1{
	\item
	\if@filesw
		\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#1}{\the\value{\@listctr}}}
		\fi
	\ignorespaces
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\def\bibcite#1#2{\global\@namedef{b@#1}{#2}\@SetMaxRefLabel{#1}}
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		\setbox0\hbox{\@normalsize
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\ifdim\wd0>\WidestRefLabelThusFar
\global\WidestRefLabelThusFar=\wd0
\fi
}%
}

% To use \protected@edef (instead of \edef) we have to add the following
% three def's (from LaTeX2e) FOR  LATEX 2.09 USERS!
%						 --- Hu Wang
\ifx\every@math@size\undefined
\def\protected@edef{%
   \let\@@protect\protect
   \let\protect\@unexpandable@protect
   \afterassignment\restore@protect
   \edef}
\def\@unexpandable@protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}
\def\restore@protect{\let\protect\@@protect}
\fi
%%

\def\@ExpandsToRefNumber #1{%
TT\fi %
\@ifundefined{b@#1}%
{\@tempcntb=1
}%
% using \edef is bad here! Christian Spieler and David Carlisle  suggest
% The fix: use \protected@edef !
%
{\protected@edef\@tempb{\csname b@#1\endcsname}%
\def\@tempa{\@temptokena=\bgroup}%
\if0A { \else  \fi %
\afterassignment\@tempa
\@tempcntb=0\@tempb}%
}%
\ifnum\@tempcntb>0 %
}%

\def\cite{\@ifnextchar[{\@tempswatrue\@citex}{\@tempswafalse\@citex[]}}
\let\CITE\cite
\let\onlinecite\cite

\def\@citex[#1]#2{%
\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
\leavevmode\unskip\ \@cite{\@collapse{#2}}{#1}}

\def\@bylinecite{%
\@ifnextchar[{\@tempswatrue\@CITEX}{\@tempswafalse\@CITEX[]}%
}

\def\@CITEX[#1]#2{%
\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
\leavevmode\unskip$^{\scriptstyle\@CITE{\@collapse{#2}}{#1}}$}

\def\@cite#1#2{[{#1\if@tempswa , #2\fi}]} %
\def\@CITE#1#2{{#1\if@tempswa , #2\fi}} %

\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[\@BIBLABEL{#1}]\if@filesw
{\def\protect##1{\string ##1\space}\immediate
\write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}

\def\@biblabel#1{{[#1]}} %
\def\@BIBLABEL#1{$^{#1}\m@th$} %

\def\@collapse#1{%
{%
\let\@temp\relax
\@tempcntb\@MM
\def\@citea{}%
\@for \@citeb:=#1\do{%
\@ifundefined{b@\@citeb}%
{\@temp\@citea{\bf ?}%
\@tempcntb\@MM\let\@temp\relax
\@warning{Citation `\@citeb ' on page \thepage\space undefined}%
}%
{\@tempcnta\@tempcntb \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
\edef\MyTemp{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
\def\@tempa{\@temptokena=\bgroup}%
\if0A{\fi%
\afterassignment\@tempa %
\@tempcntb=0\MyTemp\relax}%
\ifnum\@tempcntb=0\relax%
\@tempcntb=\@MM
\@citea\MyTemp
\let\@temp = \relax
\else %
\edef\@tempd{\number\@tempcntb}%
\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb %
\ifx\@temp\relax %
\edef\@temp{\@citea\@tempd}%
\else
\edef\@temp{\hbox{--}\@tempd}%
\fi
\else %
\@temp\@citea\@tempd
\let\@temp\relax
\fi
\fi
}%
\def\@citea{,}%
}%
\@temp %
}%
}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%% end of quote from prabib.sty
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

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\DeclareOption{noindent}{\@noindtrue}
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\DeclareOption{center}  {\@centertrue}
\DeclareOption{nocenter}{\@centerfalse}
\newif\if@upper        \@upperfalse
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\DeclareOption{noupper}{\@upperfalse}
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\DeclareOption{headline}  {\@headlinetrue}
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\DeclareOption{headcount}  {\@headcounttrue}
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\def\chapterfont#1{\def\c@font{#1}}          \def\c@font{}

\def\sectionfont#1{\def\s@font{#1}}          \def\s@font{}
\def\subsectionfont#1{\def\ss@font{#1}}      \def\ss@font{}
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\def\paragraphfont#1{\def\pg@font{#1}}       \def\pg@font{}
\def\subparagraphfont#1{\def\spg@font{#1}}   \def\spg@font{}
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\def\subtitlefont#1{\def\st@font{#1}}        \def\st@font{}
\def\authorfont#1{\def\a@font{#1}}           \def\a@font{}
\def\translatorfont#1{\def\a@font{#1}}       \def\tr@font{}
\def\institutionfont#1{\def\in@font{#1}}     \def\in@font{}
\def\theoremheaderfont#1{\def\thh@font{#1}}  \def\thh@font{}
\def\theorembodyfont#1{\def\thb@font{#1}}    \def\thb@font{}
\def\itemfont#1{\def\item@font{#1}}          \def\item@font{}
\def\examplefont#1{\def\ex@font{#1}}         \def\ex@font{}
\def\headingstextfont#1{\def\h@font{#1}}     \def\h@font{}
\def\pagenumberfont#1{\def\pn@font{#1}}      \def\pn@font{}
\def\captionheaderfont#1{\def\cph@font{#1}}  \def\cph@font{}
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\def\bibsize#1{\def\bib@size{#1}}            \def\bib@size{}
\def\LineSpacing#1{\def\@LineSpacing{#1}}\def\@LineSpacing{}

\def\bibname#1{\def\@bibname{#1}}
	\def\@bibname{Bibliography}
\def\chaptername#1{\def\@chaptername{#1}}
	\def\@chaptername{Chapter}
\def\appendixname#1{\def\@appendixname{#1}}
	\def\@appendixname{Appendix}

%\DeclareOption{bold}{%
    \partfont{\large\bfseries}
    \chapterfont{\large\bfseries}
    \sectionfont{\bfseries}
    \subsectionfont{\bfseries}
    \subsubsectionfont{\bfseries}
    \paragraphfont{\bfseries}
    \subparagraphfont{\bfseries}
    \titlefont{\Large\bfseries}
    \subtitlefont{\large}
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    \headingstextfont{\small\bfseries}
    \pagenumberfont{\small}
    \captionheaderfont{\bfseries}
    \captionbodyfont{}
    \figurefont{}
    \tablefont{}
%}

\DeclareOption{titlepage}{\@titlepagetrue}
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\DeclareOption{openright}{\@openrighttrue}
\DeclareOption{openany}{\@openrightfalse}
\DeclareOption{onecolumn}{\@twocolumnfalse}
\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
\DeclareOption{leqno}{\input{leqno.clo}}
\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}}
\DeclareOption{openbib}{\@openbibtrue}
\newif\if@chapterbib \@chapterbibfalse
\DeclareOption{chapterbib}{\@chapterbibtrue}

\ExecuteOptions{letterpaper,12pt,oneside,onecolumn,final,openright,%
                slanted,center,noupper}
\ProcessOptions*

\input{bk1\@ptsize.clo}

\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
\renewcommand\baselinestretch{
	\if@draft 2\else\@LineSpacing\fi
	}
	

\if@noind
	\setlength\parskip{0.5\baselineskip\@plus.1\baselineskip \@minus.1\baselineskip}
	\setlength\parindent{\z@}
	\def\noparskip{\par\vspace{-\parskip}}
\else
	\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus 1\p@}
	\let\noparskip\relax
	\fi
\@lowpenalty   51
\@medpenalty  151
\@highpenalty 301
\setcounter{topnumber}{2}
\renewcommand\topfraction{.7}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{1}
\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.3}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{3}
\renewcommand\textfraction{.2}
\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.5}
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2}
\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.7}
\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.5}
\def\e@skip{\h@font{\phantom{y}}}
\if@twoside
  \def\ps@headings{
      \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
      \def\@evenhead{\vbox{\hsize=\textwidth
        \hbox to \textwidth{%
        {\pn@font\thepage}\hfill{\h@font\leftmark}\e@skip\if@center\hfill\fi}
        \if@headline \vskip 1.5pt \hrule \fi}}%
      \def\@oddhead{\vbox{\hsize=\textwidth
         \hbox to \textwidth{%
         \if@center\hfill\fi{\h@font\rightmark}\e@skip\hfill{\pn@font\thepage}}
         \if@headline \vskip 1.5pt \hrule \fi}}%
      \let\@mkboth\markboth
    \def\chaptermark##1{%
      \markboth {%
        \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
          \if@mainmatter
            \@chapapp\
              \if@headcount
                \thechapter. \ %
              \fi
          \fi
        \fi
        ##1}{}}%
    \def\sectionmark##1{%
      \markright {%
        \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\z@
          \if@headcount
            \thesection. \ %
          \fi
        \fi
        ##1}}}
\else
  \def\ps@headings{%
    \let\@oddfoot\@empty
    \def\@oddhead{\vbox{\hsize=\textwidth
      \hbox to \textwidth{%
      \if@center\hfill\fi{\h@font\rightmark}\e@skip\hfill{\pn@font\thepage}}
      \if@headline \vskip 1.5pt \hrule \fi}}%
    \let\@mkboth\markboth
    \def\chaptermark##1{%
      \markright {%
        \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
          \if@mainmatter
            \@chapapp\
            \if@headcount
              \thechapter. \ %
            \fi
          \fi
        \fi
        ##1}}}
\fi
%\def\ps@myheadings{%
%    \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
%    \def\@oddhead{\vbox{\hsize=\textwidth
%      \hbox to \textwidth{%
%      \if@center\hfill\fi{\h@font\rightmark}\e@skip\hfill{\pn@font\thepage}}
%      \if@headline \vskip 1.5pt \hrule \fi}}%
%    \def\@evenhead{\vbox{\hsize=\textwidth
%      \hbox to \textwidth{%
%      {\pn@font\thepage}\hfill{\h@font\leftmark}\e@skip\if@center\hfill\fi}
%      \if@headline \vskip 1.5pt \hrule \fi}}%
%    \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
%    \let\chaptermark\@gobble
%    \let\sectionmark\@gobble
%    }

% this regulates the numbering of the pages in the main thesis
% taken from one of the uconn templates for the thesis
\def\ps@myheadings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
	\def\@oddhead{\hfil\thepage}
	\if@twoside
		\def\@evenhead{\thepage}
	\else
		\def\@evenhead\@oddhead
		\fi
    \def\@evenfoot{}
    	\def\@oddfoot{}
    \def\sectionmark##1{}
    \def\subsectionmark##1{}
	}
	
\def\ps@draft{%
    \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
    \def\@oddhead{\vbox{\hsize=\textwidth
      \hbox to \textwidth{%
      {\pn@font\today\ \now\ --- {\h@font \draftname: ``\jobname''}
       \hfil\e@skip \thepage}}
       \if@headline \vskip 1.5pt \hrule \fi}}%
    \def\@evenhead{\vbox{\hsize=\textwidth
       \hbox to \textwidth{%
       \pn@font\thepage\e@skip\hfil {\h@font \draftname: ``\jobname''} ---
       \today\ \now\ }
       \if@headline \vskip 1.5pt \hrule \fi}}%
    \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
    \let\chaptermark\@gobble
    \let\sectionmark\@gobble
    }
\@ifundefined{option@crosshair}{}{%
  \def\clap#1{\hbox to 0pt{\hss#1\hss}} \newdimen\@crosshairrule
  \@crosshairrule=.24pt \def\@crosshairs{\vbox to
    0pt{\hsize=0pt\baselineskip=0pt\lineskip=0pt \vss \clap{\vrule
        height .125in width \@crosshairrule depth 0pt} \clap{\vrule
        width .25in height \@crosshairrule depth 0pt} \clap{\vrule
        height .125in width \@crosshairrule depth 0pt} \vss}}
 \def\ps@empty{%
    \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
    \def\@oddhead{\hfill\raise\headheight\@crosshairs}
    \let\@evenhead\@oddhead}}

\def\@subtitle{}         \def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
\def\@translator{}       \def\translator#1{\gdef\@translator{#1}}
\def\@institution{}      \def\institution#1{\gdef\@institution{#1}}

\def\@dedication{}       \def\dedication#1{\def\@dedication{#1}}
\def\@abstract{}	 \def\abstract#1{\gdef\@abstract{#1}}
\def\@acknowledgements{}	 \def\acknowledgements#1{\gdef\@acknowledgements{#1}}
\def\@authorspreviousdegreelong{}
	 \def\authorspreviousdegreelong#1{\gdef\@authorspreviousdegreelong{#1}}
\def\@authorspreviousdegreeshort{}
	 \def\authorspreviousdegreeshort#1{\gdef\@authorspreviousdegreeshort{#1}}
\def\@MajorAdvisor{} \def\MajorAdvisor#1{\gdef\@MajorAdvisor{#1}}
\def\@AssociateAdvisorA{} \def\AssociateAdvisorA#1{\gdef\@AssociateAdvisorA{#1}}
\def\@AssociateAdvisorB{} \def\AssociateAdvisorB#1{\gdef\@AssociateAdvisorB{#1}}
\def\@AssociateAdvisorC{} \def\AssociateAdvisorC#1{\gdef\@AssociateAdvisorC{#1}}
\def\@AssociateAdvisorD{} \def\AssociateAdvisorD#1{\gdef\@AssociateAdvisorD{#1}}
\def\@date{} \def\date#1{\gdef\@date{#1}}

\def\@uppertitleback{}   \long\def\uppertitleback#1{\def\@uppertitleback{#1}}
\def\@middletitleback{}  \long\def\middletitleback#1{\def\@middletitleback{#1}}
\def\@lowertitleback{}   \long\def\lowertitleback#1{\def\@lowertitleback{#1}}

\def\new@tpage{
	\newpage\thispagestyle{empty}
	\null
	}
\def\new@mypage{
	\newpage\thispagestyle{myheadings}
	\null
	}

\def\and{\end{tabular}\hskip 1em plus.17fil
   \if@center
      \begin{tabular}[t]{c}
   \else
     \begin{tabular}[t]{@{}l@{}}
   \fi}

\def\maketitle{%
	\pagestyle{empty}
	% page 1: title, author and the abstract, if twoside add extra empty page
	\begin{center}
		{\t@font\@title \par}\vskip 1em
		{\st@font\@subtitle \par}
		\vspace{50pt}
		{\a@font \begin{tabular}[t]{c}
			\@author , Ph.D.\\
			University of Connecticut, \@date%
		\end{tabular} \par }
	\end{center}
	\vspace{50pt}
	\@abstract
	\if@twoside
		\ifodd\c@page\new@tpage\addtocounter{page}{-1}\fi
	\fi

	\if@draft
	\else
		% dissertation statement, p.2, if twoside add extra empty page
		\new@tpage
%		\if@twoside\else\new@tpage\addtocounter{page}{-1}\fi
    		\begin{center}
			{\t@font\@title \par}\vskip 1em
			\vspace{50pt}
			{\a@font \lineskip 1.25em
			\begin{tabular}[t]{c}
				\@author\\ \\
				\@authorspreviousdegreelong
			\end{tabular} \par }
			\vfil
			{\tr@font \@translator \par}
			\vfil
			{\a@font
	    		 A Dissertation\\
			     Submitted in Partial Fullfilment of the\\
			     Requirements for the Degree of\\
		    	 Doctor of Philosophy\\
			     at the\\
			     University of Connecticut\\
		     \vskip 1em
	    	 \@date
	    	 \par}
	    \end{center}
		\if@twoside\new@tpage\addtocounter{page}{-1}\fi
		% copyright, p.3, if twoside adds extra empty page
		\new@tpage
		\begin{center}
			\vspace{50pt}
			Copyright by\\
			\vspace{50pt}
			\@author\\
			\vfil
			\vfil
			\vfil
			\@date\par
		\end{center}
		\if@twoside\new@tpage\addtocounter{page}{-1}\fi
	\fi
	\def\thefootnote{\arabic{footnote}}
    \setcounter{footnote}{0}
	}
	
\newcommand*{\chaptermark}[1]{}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{2}
\newcounter {part}
\newcounter {chapter}
\newcounter {section}[chapter]
\newcounter {subsection}[section]
\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
\renewcommand{\thepart}         {\Roman{part}}
\renewcommand{\thechapter}      {\arabic{chapter}}
\renewcommand{\thesection}      {\thechapter.\arabic{section}}
\renewcommand{\thesubsection}   {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
\renewcommand{\thesubsubsection}{\thesubsection .\arabic{subsubsection}}
\renewcommand{\theparagraph}    {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
\renewcommand{\thesubparagraph} {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
\def\chapapp#1{\def\@chapapp{#1}}      \def\@chapapp{}

\def\setspace@size{\ifx\@currsize\normalsize\@normalsize\else\@currsize\fi}
\def\singlespacing{\def \baselinestretch {1} \setspace@size \vskip \baselineskip}

\newcommand{\frontmatter}{
	\newpage
	\pagenumbering{roman}
	\pagestyle{plain}
	\if@draft
		\setcounter{page}{5}
	\else
		% approval page, p.2, with an extra empty page if twoside
		\setcounter{page}{2}		
		\begin{center}
			\vspace*{.25in}
			{\t@font APPROVAL PAGE} \\
       		\vspace*{.2 in}
			{\a@font Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation \par}
			{\t@font \@title \par}
			\vspace*{.2in}
			{\a@font \lineskip 1.25em
			\begin{tabular}[t]{c}
				Presented by\\
				\@author, \@authorspreviousdegreeshort
			\end{tabular} \par }
			\vfil
			\vfil
			\begin{tabular}[t]{lc}
				Major Advisor & \\
					  & \shortstack[c]{\vrule width 3.55in height 0.2pt \\ {\centering \@MajorAdvisor} }\\
\ \\
				Associate Advisor & \\
					  & \shortstack[c]{\vrule width 3.55in height 0.2pt \\ {\centering \@AssociateAdvisorA} }\\
\ \\
				Associate Advisor & \\
					  & \shortstack[c]{\vrule width 3.55in height 0.2pt \\ {\centering \@AssociateAdvisorB} }\\

		\ifx\@AssociateAdvisorC\@empty\else
\ \\
				Associate Advisor & \\
					  & \shortstack[c]{\vrule width 3.55in height 0.2pt \\ {\centering \@AssociateAdvisorC} }\\

                \fi
		\ifx\@AssociateAdvisorD\@empty\else
\ \\
				Associate Advisor & \\
					  & \shortstack[c]{\vrule width 3.55in height 0.2pt \\ {\centering \@AssociateAdvisorD} }\\
                \fi
			\end{tabular}
		\end{center}
		\vfil
		\begin{center}
			University of Connecticut\\
			\@date
		\end{center}
		\if@twoside\new@tpage\addtocounter{page}{-1}\fi
		% dedication page, p.3, if twopage adds empty page (possible problem: if dedication
		% takes more then one page, an empty one still will be added)
		\ifx\@dedication\@empty\else
			\newpage
			{\centering \a@font \@dedication \par}
			\if@twoside\new@tpage\addtocounter{page}{-1}\fi
		\fi
		% acknowledgements, p.4, if twopage adds empty page (again, problem: if acknowledgement
		% takes more then one page, an empty page is still added)
		\ifx\@acknowledgements\@empty
		\else			
			\newpage
			\begin{center}
				\vspace*{.25in}
				{\t@font ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS}
 			\end{center}
			\vspace*{.2 in}
			{\a@font \@acknowledgements }
			\if@twoside\new@tpage\addtocounter{page}{-1}\fi
		\fi
	\fi
	}
	
% page 6: table of contents
\newcommand{\tableofcontents}{
	\newpage
	\@mainmatterfalse
	\vspace{.25 in}
	\begin{center}
    	{\large\bf TABLE OF CONTENTS}
	\end{center}
	\normalsize
	\@starttoc{toc}
	\newpage
	}

\newcommand{\listoffigures}{%
	\newpage
	\vspace{.25in}
	\begin{center}
		{\large\bf LIST OF FIGURES}
	\end{center}
	\normalsize
	\vspace*{2 em}
    \@starttoc{lof}
    \newpage
	}

\newcommand{\listoftables}{
	\newpage
	\vspace{.25in}
	\begin{center}
		{\large\bf LIST OF TABLES}
	\end{center}
	\normalsize
	\vspace*{2 em}
    \@starttoc{lot}
	\newpage
    }

\newcommand{\mainmatter}{
	\@mainmattertrue
	\if@twoside
		\ifodd\c@page
		\else
			\new@tpage
			\addtocounter{page}{-1}
		\fi
	\fi
	\newpage
   	\pagenumbering{arabic}
	\pagestyle{myheadings}	
    \setcounter{page}{1}
    \chapapp{\bfseries\large\@chaptername}
	\def\chapter{
		\@mainmattertrue
		\clearpage
		\if@twoside
			\ifodd\c@page\else\new@mypage\fi
		\fi
		\clearpage
		\thispagestyle{plain}
		\global\@topnum\z@
%		\@afterindenttrue
		\@afterindentfalse
		\secdef\@chapter\@schapter
		}
    }

\newcommand{\backmatter}{\if@openright\cleardoublepage\else\clearpage\fi
      \@mainmatterfalse}
\newcommand{\part}{\cleardoublepage
    \thispagestyle{empty}%
    \if@twocolumn
        \onecolumn\@tempswatrue
     \else
       \@tempswafalse
     \fi
     \vspace*{\beforechaptervspace}%
     \secdef\@part\@spart}
\def\@part[#1]#2{%
    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax \refstepcounter{part}
      \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\partname\ \thepart \hspace{1em}#1}%
    \else
     \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}\fi \markboth{}{}%
     {\if@center
       \centering
      \else
       \raggedright
      \fi
     \reset@font
      \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax
        \p@font \partname{} \thepart \par
         \vskip 20pt
      \fi
      \p@font
      \if@upper
        \uppercase{#2}
      \else #2
      \fi
  \par}
\@endpart}
\def\@spart#1{%
      {\if@center
          \centering
       \else
         \raggedright
       \fi
       \reset@font\p@font
       \if@upper
          \uppercase\expandafter{#1}
       \else #1%
       \fi\par}
  \@endpart}
\def\@endpart{\vfil\newpage
              \if@twoside
                \hbox{}%
                \thispagestyle{empty}%
                \newpage
              \fi
              \if@tempswa
                \twocolumn
              \fi}

%\newcommand{\chapter}{
%	\if@openright\cleardoublepage\else\clearpage\fi
%    \thispagestyle{empty}%
%	\global\@topnum\z@
%    \@afterindentfalse
%    \secdef\@chapter\@schapter
%    }
\def\@chapter[#1]#2{%
	\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
		\if@mainmatter
			\refstepcounter{chapter}%
			\typeout{\@chaptername\space\thechapter.}
			\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{%
			\protect\numberline{\thechapter.}#1}%
		\else
			\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}
		\fi
	\else
		\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}
	\fi
	\chaptermark{#1}
	\addtocontents{lof}{\protect\addvspace{10pt}}
	\addtocontents{lot}{\protect\addvspace{10pt}}
	\if@twocolumn
		\@topnewpage[\@makechapterhead{#2}]
	\else
		\@makechapterhead{#2}
		\@afterheading
	\fi
	}
\newlength{\beforechaptervspace}
\setlength{\beforechaptervspace}{50pt}
\newlength{\afterchaptervspace}
\setlength{\afterchaptervspace}{30pt}
\def\@makechapterhead#1{%
  \vspace*{\beforechaptervspace}{%
  \ifx\@chapapp\@empty
     \if@center\centering
       \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
         {\c@font\thechapter.\ }
       \fi
       {\c@font
       \if@upper
          \uppercase{#1}
       \else
          #1
       \fi
       \par \nobreak}
     \else\raggedright
         \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
           \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{\c@font\thechapter.\ %
           \c@font
           \if@upper
             \uppercase{#1}
           \else
              #1%
           \fi}
         \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
           \@hangfrom{%
             \c@font\thechapter.\ }{\c@font
           \if@upper
              \uppercase{#1}
           \else
              #1%
           \fi
           \par\nobreak}
         \else
           \hbox to\hsize{\box\@tempboxa\hfil}
         \fi
       \fi
     \fi
  \else
    \if@center
       \centering
     \else
       \raggedright
     \fi
     \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
       \if@mainmatter
          {\s@font \@chapapp{} \thechapter}
          \par \vskip 15\p@
       \fi
     \fi
     {\c@font
     \if@upper
        \uppercase{#1}
     \else
       #1%
     \fi
     \par \nobreak}
  \fi
  \vspace{\afterchaptervspace}
	}
}
\def\@schapter#1{%
    \if@twocolumn
       \@topnewpage[\@makeschapterhead{#1}]
    \else
       \@makeschapterhead{#1}\@afterheading
    \fi}
\def\@makeschapterhead#1{%
   \vspace*{\beforechaptervspace}{%
     \if@center
        \centering
     \else
        \parindent\z@\raggedright
     \fi
     {\c@font
     \if@upper
       \uppercase\expandafter{#1}
     \else
        #1%
     \fi
     \par\nobreak
     \vskip 30\p@}
	}
}

%
% changes by marijan kostrun, 9/21/01
%
\newcommand\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
	{-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
	{2.3ex \@plus.2ex}%
	%{\if@center\centering\else\raggedright\fi
	{\raggedright
	\reset@font\s@font}
	}
\newcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
	{-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
	{1.5ex \@plus .2ex}%
	%{\if@center\centering\else\raggedright\fi
	{\raggedright
	\reset@font\ss@font}
	}
\newcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
	{-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
	{1.5ex \@plus .2ex}%
	%{\if@center\centering\else\raggedright\fi
	{\raggedright
	\reset@font\sss@font}
	}
\newcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
	{3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}%
	{-1em}%
	{\reset@font\pg@font}
	}
\newcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\parindent}%
	{3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}%
	{-1em}%
	{\reset@font\spg@font}
	}

\if@twocolumn
  \setlength\leftmargini  {2em}
\else
  \setlength\leftmargini  {2.5em}
\fi

\setlength\leftmarginii  {2.2em}
\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
\setlength\leftmarginiv  {1.7em}
\if@twocolumn
  \setlength\leftmarginv  {.5em}
  \setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
\else
  \setlength\leftmarginv  {1em}
  \setlength\leftmarginvi {1em}
\fi

\setlength\leftmargin    {\leftmargini}
\setlength  \labelsep  {.5em}
\setlength  \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
\@endparpenalty   -\@lowpenalty
\@itempenalty     -\@lowpenalty

\if@enumeration
  \renewcommand\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}
  \renewcommand\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
  \renewcommand\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}}
  \renewcommand\theenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}}
  \newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
  \newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
  \newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
  \newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
  \renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
  \renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
  \renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
\else
  \renewcommand\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}
  \renewcommand\theenumii{\arabic{enumii}}
  \renewcommand\theenumiii{\arabic{enumiii}}
  \renewcommand\theenumiv{\arabic{enumiv}}
  \newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
  \newcommand\labelenumii{\theenumi.\theenumii.}
  \newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumi.\theenumii.\theenumiii.}
  \newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumi.\theenumii.\theenumiii.\theenumiv.}
  \renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
  \renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
  \renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
\fi
\if@itemization
  \newcommand\labelitemi{$\m@th\bullet$}
  \newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
  \newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\ast$}
  \newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
\else
  \newcommand\labelitemi{\bfseries --}
  \newcommand\labelitemii{\bfseries --}
  \newcommand\labelitemiii{\bfseries --}
  \newcommand\labelitemiv{\bfseries --}
\fi
\newenvironment{description}
               {\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \itemindent-\leftmargin
                        \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
               {\endlist}
\newenvironment{quote:article}{
	\newpage
	\singlespacing
%	\@addtoreset {equation}{chapter}
	\setcounter{equation}{\z@}
	\renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{equation}}
    \c@footnote \z@
   	\renewcommand{\title}[1]{%
   		\begin{center}
   		\normalfont\bf##1
   		\end{center}
   		}
   	\renewcommand{\date}[1]{%
   		\begin{center}
   		\normalfont\small##1
   		\end{center}
   		}
   	\renewcommand{\author}[1]{%
   		\begin{center}
   		\normalfont\small##1
   		\end{center}
   		}
	\renewcommand{\abstract}[1]{
		\normalfont\small##1
		\vskip 1em
		}
	}

\newenvironment{verse}
               {\let\\=\@centercr
                \list{}{\itemsep      \z@
                        \itemindent   -1.5em%
                        \listparindent\itemindent
                        \rightmargin  \leftmargin
                        \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
                \item[]}
               {\endlist}
\newenvironment{quotation}
               {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
                        \itemindent    \listparindent
                        \rightmargin   \leftmargin
                        \parsep        \z@ \@plus\p@}%
                \item[]}
               {\endlist}
\newenvironment{quote}
               {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
                \item[]}
               {\endlist}
\def\@begintheorem#1#2{\reset@font\thb@font\trivlist
      \item[\hskip \labelsep{\reset@font\thh@font #1\ #2:}]}
\def\@opargbegintheorem#1#2#3{\reset@font\thb@font\trivlist
      \item[\hskip \labelsep{\reset@font\thh@font #1\ #2\ (#3):}]}
\def\@endtheorem{\endtrivlist}
\newlength{\exampleindent}    \setlength{\exampleindent}{\parindent}
\newenvironment{example}%
   {\begin{list}{}{%
    \setlength{\leftmargin}{\exampleindent}}
    \ex@font \item[]}
   {\end{list}}
\newenvironment{describe}[1][\quad]%
  {\begin{list}{}{%
    \renewcommand{\makelabel}[1]{{\item@font ##1}\hfil}%
    \settowidth{\labelwidth}{{\item@font #1}}%
    \setlength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}%
    \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep}}}%
  {\end{list}}
\newenvironment{titlepage}
    {%
      \cleardoublepage
      \if@twocolumn
        \@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
      \else
        \@restonecolfalse\newpage
      \fi
      \thispagestyle{empty}%
      \if@compatibility
        \setcounter{page}{0}
      \fi}%
    {\if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi
    }
\newcommand\appendix{	
	\if@twoside
		\ifodd\c@page
			\new@mypage
		\else
			\fi
		\fi
	\par
	\setcounter{chapter}{0}%
	\setcounter{section}{0}%
	\ifx\@chapapp\@empty
		\def\@addappendixtocontents{\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\@appendixname}}
		\part*{%
			\@appendixname\@mkboth{\@appendixname}{\@appendixname}%
			\@addappendixtocontents%
			}
	\else
		\def\@addappendixtocontents{\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\@appendixname}}
		\renewcommand{\@chapapp}{\large\bfseries\@appendixname}%
	\fi
	\renewcommand{\thechapter}{\Alph{chapter}}
	}
\setlength\arraycolsep{5\p@}
\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
\@addtoreset{equation}{chapter}
\renewcommand{\theequation}{\thechapter.\arabic{equation}}
\def\marginlabel#1{\marginpar%
   {\if@twoside
       \ifodd\c@page
          \raggedright
       \else
          \raggedleft
       \fi
     \else
        \raggedright
     \fi #1}}
\def\attention{\mbox{}%
    \marginpar[\raggedleft\large\bf! $\rightarrow$]%
        {\raggedright\large\bf $\leftarrow$ !}}
\def\seealso#1{\mbox{}%
    \marginpar[\raggedleft$\rightarrow$ \small #1]%
        {\raggedright\small  #1 $\leftarrow$}\ignorespaces}
\newcounter{figure}[chapter]
\renewcommand{\thefigure}{\thechapter.\@arabic\c@figure}
\def\fps@figure{tbp}
\def\ftype@figure{1}
\def\ext@figure{lof}
\def\fnum@figure{\figureshortname~\thefigure}
\newenvironment{figure}
               {\fig@font\@float{figure}}
               {\end@float}
\newenvironment{figure*}
               {\fig@font\@dblfloat{figure}}
               {\end@dblfloat}
\newcounter{table}[chapter]
\renewcommand{\thetable}{\thechapter.\@arabic\c@table}
\def\fps@table{tbp}
\def\ftype@table{2}
\def\ext@table{lot}
%\def\fnum@table{\tableshortname~\thetable}
\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
\newenvironment{table}
               {\tab@font\@float{table}}
               {\end@float}
\newenvironment{table*}
               {\tab@font\@dblfloat{table}}
               {\end@dblfloat}
\newlength\abovecaptionskip
\newlength\belowcaptionskip
\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
 \vskip\abovecaptionskip
 \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\cph@font #1:} {\cpb@font #2}}%
 \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
    \@hangfrom{\cph@font #1: }{\cpb@font #2\par}%
 \else
    \hbox to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%
 \fi
 \vskip\belowcaptionskip}
\def\rb#1{\raisebox{1.5ex}[-1.5ex]{#1}}
\def\tablerule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi
   \hrule \@height \arrayrulewidth \vskip\doublerulesep
   \futurelet \@tempa\@xhline}
\def\thicktablerule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi
   \hrule \@height 2\arrayrulewidth \vskip\doublerulesep
   \futurelet \@tempa\@xhline}
\def\doubletablerule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi
   \hrule \@height \arrayrulewidth \vskip2\arrayrulewidth
   \hrule \@height \arrayrulewidth \vskip\doublerulesep
   \futurelet \@tempa\@xhline}
\def\thickhline{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi
   \hrule \@height 2\arrayrulewidth\futurelet \@tempa\@xhline}
\def\doublehline{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi
   \hrule \@height \arrayrulewidth\vskip2\arrayrulewidth
   \hrule \@height \arrayrulewidth \futurelet \@tempa\@xhline}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
\DeclareRobustCommand*{\cal}{\@fontswitch{\relax}{\mathcal}}
\DeclareRobustCommand*{\mit}{\@fontswitch{\relax}{\mathnormal}}
\newcommand{\@pnumwidth}{1.55em}
\newcommand{\@tocrmarg} {2.55em}
\newcommand{\@dotsep}{4.5}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}


%\def\tableofcontents{
%		\newpage
%		\pagenumbering{roman}
%		\@mainmatterfalse
%		\vspace{.25 in}
%		\begin{center}
%	    	{\Large\bf TABLE OF CONTENTS}
%		\end{center}
%		\normalsize
%		\@starttoc{toc}
%	}


%\newcommand{\tableofcontents}{%
%    \if@twocolumn
%      \@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
%    \else
%      \@restonecolfalse
%    \fi
%    \chapter*{\contentsname
%        \@mkboth{\contentsname}%
%                {\contentsname}}%
%    \@starttoc{toc}%
%    \if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi
%    }

\newcommand*{\l@part}[2]{%
  \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
    \addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}%
    \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
    \begingroup
      \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
      \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
      \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
      {\leavevmode
       {\sss@font #1}\hfil \hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
       \nobreak
         \global\@nobreaktrue
         \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}
    \endgroup
  \fi}
\newcommand*{\l@chapter}[2]{%
  \ifnum \c@tocdepth >\m@ne
    \addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}%
    \vskip 1.0em \@plus\p@
    \setlength\@tempdima{1.5em}%
    \begingroup
      \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
      \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
      \leavevmode
      \advance\leftskip\@tempdima
      \hskip -\leftskip
      {\sss@font #1}%
      \nobreak\leaders\hbox{%
         $\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern \@dotsep mu$}
      \hfill\nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hfil\textrm{#2}}\par
      \penalty\@highpenalty
    \endgroup
  \fi}
\newcommand*{\l@section}      {\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
\newcommand*{\l@subsection}   {\@dottedtocline{2}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
\newcommand*{\l@subsubsection}{\@dottedtocline{3}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
\newcommand*{\l@paragraph}    {\@dottedtocline{4}{10em}{5em}}
\newcommand*{\l@subparagraph} {\@dottedtocline{5}{12em}{6em}}

\newcommand*{\l@figure}{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
\let\l@table\l@figure
\newdimen\bibindent
\bibindent=1.5em
\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]{
 	\chapter*{\@bibname}
    \singlespacing
    \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\@bibname}
	\list{\@biblabel{\arabic{enumiv}}}%
		{\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
		\leftmargin\labelwidth
		\advance\leftmargin\labelsep
		\if@openbib
		\advance\leftmargin\bibindent
		\itemindent -\bibindent
		\listparindent \itemindent
		\parsep \z@
		\fi
		\usecounter{enumiv}%
		\let\p@enumiv\@empty
		\renewcommand\theenumiv{\arabic{enumiv}}}%
	\if@openbib
		\renewcommand\newblock{\par}
	\else
		\renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%
	\fi
	\sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
	\sfcode`\.=\@m}
	{\def\@noitemerr
	{\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
	\endlist}
	
\newcommand\newblock{}
\if@chapterbib
  \def\@mainbblfile{\jobname.bbl}
  \let\@bblfile=\@mainbblfile
  \def\bibliography#1{%
    \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibdata{#1}}\fi
    \@input{\@bblfile}}
  \def\@include#1 {\clearpage
    \if@filesw \immediate\write\@mainaux{\string\@input{#1.aux}}\fi
    \@tempswatrue
    \if@partsw \@tempswafalse\edef\@tempb{#1}
       \@for\@tempa:=\@partlist\do{\ifx\@tempa\@tempb\@tempswatrue\fi}
    \fi
    \if@tempswa
       \if@filesw \let\@auxout=\@partaux
           \immediate\openout\@partaux #1.aux
           \immediate\write\@partaux{\relax}
       \fi
       \def\@bblfile{#1.bbl}\@input{#1.tex}
       \let\@bblfile\@mainbblfile\clearpage
       \@writeckpt{#1}
       \if@filesw
          \immediate\closeout\@partaux
       \fi
       \let\@auxout=\@mainaux\else\@nameuse{cp@#1}
   \fi}
\fi
\newenvironment{theindex}
               {\if@twocolumn
                  \@restonecolfalse
                \else
                  \@restonecoltrue
                \fi
                \columnseprule \z@
                \columnsep 35\p@
                \twocolumn[\@makeschapterhead{\indexname}]%
                \@mkboth{\indexname}%
                        {\indexname}%
                \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
                \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
                \let\item\@idxitem\index@size}
               {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
\newcommand{\@idxitem}  {\par\hangindent 40\p@}
\newcommand{\subitem}   {\par\hangindent 40\p@ \hspace*{20\p@}}
\newcommand{\subsubitem}{\par\hangindent 40\p@ \hspace*{30\p@}}
\newcommand{\indexspace}{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
  \kern-3\p@
  \hrule width .4\columnwidth
  \kern 2.6\p@}
\@addtoreset{footnote}{chapter}
\if@noind
  \long\def\@makefntext#1{%
        \leftskip 2.0em%
        \noindent
        \hbox to 0em{\hss\@makefnmark\kern 0.25em}#1}
\else
  \long\def\@makefntext#1{%
      \parindent 1em%
      \noindent
      \hbox to 1.8em{\hss\@makefnmark\kern 0.25em}#1}
\fi
\def\contentsname{Contents}
\def\listfigurename{List of Figures}
\def\listtablename{List of Tables}
\def\refname{References}
\def\indexname{Index}
\def\figurename{Figure}
\def\tablename{Table}
%\def\chaptername{Chapter}
%\def\appendixname{Appendix}
\def\partname{Part}
\def\abstractname{Abstract}
\def\draftname{preliminary draft}
\def\figureshortname{Fig.}                      % <-- thesis
\def\tableshortname{Tab.}                       % <-- thesis
\def\prefacename{Preface}                       % <-- thesis
%\newcommand{\today}{\ifcase\month\or
%  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
%  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
%  \space\number\day, \number\year}
\newcommand{\today}{\number\year}
\setlength\columnsep{10\p@}
\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
\iffinal
  \pagestyle{headings}
\else
  \pagestyle{draft}
\fi
\pagenumbering{arabic}
\if@twoside
\else
  \raggedbottom
\fi
\if@twocolumn
  \twocolumn
  \sloppy
  \flushbottom
\else
  \onecolumn
\fi


% sizes of the text on the paper
%\setlength{\topmargin}{-0.30in}
%\setlength{\headheight}{0.20in}
%\setlength{\headsep}{0.25in}
%\setlength{\topskip}{0.40in}    % first line, down from page number
%\setlength{\textheight}{8.in} % 9"-(topmargin+headsep+headheight)
%\setlength{\textheight}{8.55in} % 9"-(topmargin+headsep+headheight)
%\setlength{\footskip}{0pt}
%\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0.in}
%\setlength{\evensidemargin}{0.in}
%\setlength{\textwidth}{6.5in}
%\setlength{\parindent}{30pt}    % somewhere between 0.3" and 0.5"

\setlength{\topmargin}{-0.25in}
\setlength{\headheight}{0.25in}
\setlength{\headsep}{0.25in}
\setlength{\topskip}{0.25in}    % first line, down from page number
\setlength{\textheight}{8.5in} % 9"-(topmargin+headsep+headheight)
\setlength{\footskip}{0.5in}


% introductory formatting
\setlength{\textwidth}{5.75in}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0.5in}
\if@twoside
	\setlength{\evensidemargin}{0.25in}
\else
	\setlength{\evensidemargin}{0.5in}
	\fi
\setlength{\parindent}{30pt}    % somewhere between 0.3" and 0.5"


\endinput

%%
%% End of file `uconnthesis.cls'.